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The Foreign Office issued a statement stating India's revocation was an illegal "unilateral step". [276] According to Reuters, hundreds of people protested in Srinagar on 11 August, after authorities had eased restrictions in the city over the weekend to allow people to buy groceries, medicines and prepare for the Islamic festival of Eid al-Adha. Back in 1947, when Maharaj of Kashmir had signed an "Instrument of Accession" with India, it had clearly stated in the . Once the situation in Kashmir becomes normal, tourism will thrive at a supersonic speed. Article 370 and 35A: Origin, Provisions, and the Politics of Contestation Authors: Aijaz Wani University of Kashmir Imran Ahmad Khan Tabzeer Yaseen Abstract In August 2019, the Indian. However, India will have complete autonomy in foreign policy, communication, finance, and defence. Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs, Incorporation of Azad Kashmir as nominally self-governing state of Pakistan, Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019, "Prepaid mobile services restored in J-K after over five-month suspension", "Article 370: What happened with Kashmir and why it matters", "India Revokes Kashmir's Special Status, Raising Fears of Unrest", "Kashmir was in 'mess' before Aug 5: Jaishankar", "Jammu & Kashmir ceases to be a state; two new UTs come into being", "Explained: What is Section 144 of CrPC? [303] The official Twitter handle of the country's Interior Ministry tweeted about the action taken by the local police to contain the protests and also about the legal proceedings being taken against them. The sharp plunge in terrorism in Jammu and Kashmir can also be attributed to the arrest of separatists and pro-Pakistan leaders in the aftermath of the abrogation of Article 370. On 17 th October 1949, Article 370, a temporary provision, was incorporated in the Indian Constitution providing Jammu and Kashmir with a 'special status' thereby restricting the Indian Parliament's legislative powers in the respect of Jammu and Kashmir until a plebiscite in Jammu and Kashmir is conducted. essentially scraps Article 35A. The residents of Jammu felt that Jammu was always ignored for funds and resources, and they hoped the reorganisation would bring in development. [150][151] The Supreme Court rejected the "urgent hearing" request, placing the petitions to its normal proceedings.[149]. [52] Suhrith Parthasarathy opined the orders to be unconstitutional. [7], The reactions in the Muslim majority Kashmir Valley, where Hindu population is negligible due to 1990 exodus of Kashmiri Hindus, was effectively suppressed through the suspension of communication and with imposition of Curfew (Section 144). Only locals were able to buy land in Indian administered Kashmir, however, with the government scrapping Kashmir's autonomy, Indian security forces can buy land and live in Kashmir. [163], From 6 August onward, Pakistan responded in numerous ways. So, for the Central government to extend the coverage of a central law to the state on subjects included in the Instrument of Accession (IoA), it needed "consultation" while for extending the coverage of laws on other subjects, it needed "concurrence" of the state government. It also noted that Section 144 of India's Code of Criminal Procedure is not to be used for suppressing people's expression, ordering the local administration to publish every usage of that provision to enable its public scrutiny. They argued it needed to. In one sudden political strike, executed with surgical precision a year ago, Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Home Minister Amit Shah abrogated the provisions Article 370 and Article 35A that went against the core values of our Constitution and ensured that finally everyone in Jammu and Kashmir secured the rights and privileges available to . The sequence of events during that decade strongly suggests a contractual relationship between Bakshi and the government of India, whereby he would be allowed to run an unrepresentative, unaccountable government in Srinagar in return for facilitating IJKs "integration" with India on New Delhis terms. [81][82] According to Subrahmanyam, "12 of 22 [Jammu and Kashmir] districts were already functioning normally, and measures have been put in place to ensure zero loss of lives on any side or serious injuries to anyone. Bahrain authorities further requested its citizens to not exploit religious gatherings to further political motives. [17][18] The Constituent Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir, after its establishment, was empowered to recommend the articles of the Indian constitution that should be applied to the state or to abrogate the Article 370 altogether. This witness report contradicts the Indian government statement that the "protest never took place". The rumours were triggered by reports of Centre deploying additional paramilitary . What is Article 370? We will see ground mobilisation in the coming days and in the long run you will have sentiment of alienation going further and [it will] erupt. Regarding Kashmir in general, Hua affirmed that "the Kashmir issue is an issue left from the past between India and Pakistan". [148] The Tamil Nadu-based regional Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party leader M. K. Stalin, along with West Bengal-based All India Trinamool Congress party leader Derek O'Brien opposed the revocation. [98][99], From July 2020, the Indian Union government will allow Indian security forces to buy land in certain areas of the Indian administered Kashmir. The Indian delegation started to counter the protesters, following which the local police intervened and escorted Shazia Ilmi and her associates from the location.[309]. This is a reversal from an earlier policy, where the Indian security forces had to request special permission to buy land in the area. Former Indian prime minister Manmohan Singh said that the revocation had an in-principle support from the Congress party but its execution was not appropriate. [316] They allege that the platform is posting "objectionable and malicious" content. Guha states, "when a very complex order or a proposal by the government comes to you, it's obligatory for the President to consider it, to reflect upon it, to return it, especially when it is juxtaposed by the news that the Valley is shut down, former chief ministers are placed under house arrest, and landlines and mobiles have been completely obliterated. [25], Since the partition of India and Pakistan on religious lines, the Hindutva organizations in India have stated that Jammu and Kashmir is an integral, inseparable part of India. [6] He said that it was not possible to stop communication among militants without putting the entire region under a blackout. (PTI File) By Prabhash K Dutta: With a resolution and a bill, the Narendra Modi government scripted a historical change in the status of Jammu and Kashmir two years ago. ", "Basic without structure? [319], Indian government accused the BBC and Reuters of lying and fabricating news about large scale protests in Kashmir. [155], The Bahujan Samaj Party and its leader Mayawati, as well as Aam Aadmi Party leader (and Chief Minister of Delhi) Arvind Kejriwal supported the revocation of Article 370. Arjun Sharma, a noted freelance journalist from Jammu penned in his article that while Ladakh was rejoicing the UT status it got after disintegration of J&K, Jammu was suspicious of whether the perceived discrimination towards Jammu will end or not. Amjad Ayub Mirza (The writer is an author and a human rights activist from Mirpur in PoJK. [9], Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind, a prominent Indian Muslim organisation, supported the decision to abrogate Article 370 saying that the integration of Kashmir with India is in the interest of Kashmiri people. India's Kashmir Conundrum: Before and After the Abrogation of Article 370 Wednesday, August 5, 2020 / By: Sameer P. Lalwani, Ph.D.; Gillian Gayner Publication Type: Special Report On August 5, 2019, the government of India revoked the constitutional autonomy of its Muslim-majority state of Jammu and Kashmir. [178] The foreign minister also called for circulation of the letter among members of the Security Council. [5][108], Former chief minister Omar Abdullah called the government's move on the Article 370 "unilateral and shocking". [154] Jyotiraditya Scindia, also supported the government's action to remove article 370. It is headed for a "showdown in India's Supreme Court". [5][4][8] Many nationalists celebrated, declaring the move to herald public order and prosperity in Kashmir. Telecom connectivity will be eased and restored in a phased manner keeping in mind the constant threat by terror organizations". They have reported protests on Friday. [286][287][288][289] British Prime Minister Boris Johnson later expressed "regret" over this violent incident, and assured that all necessary steps will be taken to ensure the safety and security of the embassy, its personnel, and visitors. FP Staff August 05, 2021 15:39:17 IST Representational Image. [307], Geo News reported that members of the Kashmiri community gathered at the Pariser Platz of Berlin's Brandenburg Gate and protested against India on 11 August 2019. [157][158], The Telangana and Andhra Pradesh-based YSR Congress Party's parliamentary party leader V. Vijayasai Reddy supported the scrapping of Article 370 and termed the step as a "courageous and daring" step by Amit Shah. At 153 days and counting, this has become the largest internet shutdown in India. [164] Pakistan's army chief said that the Pakistan Army would "go to any extent" to support the people of Kashmir. [85] On 14 October 2019, postpaid mobile phone services were fully restored in the region. [187], On 9 August, according to a Reuters report, over 10,000 people protested in Srinagar against the Indian government's decision to revoke Article 370, with some protesters pelting stones at government security personnel. Voice call and SMS services were also restored for the whole Union Territory. It was amended by the presidential order until 1954, Article 35A was joined with its clauses and sub-clauses. [89][78], On 18 January 2020, 2G Internet service was restored for 153 white listed websites in all the 10 districts of Jammu Division and in 2 districts Kupwara and Bandipura of Kashmir Valley for postpaid mobile service. The Constituent Assembly dissolved itself without recommending the abrogation of Article 370, the article was deemed to have become a permanent feature of the Indian Constitution. However, the managing editor of the Indian Times Now English news channel, Navika Kumar said, "her channel had not faced much restriction broadcasting from Kashmir and reporters were sending feeds through satellite-linked outside broadcasting vans", according to Reuters. According to India Today and other Indian media sources, several fabricated images and videos have appeared on social media such as Facebook, Twitter and other platforms. [110], Kashmiri politician Shah Faesal denounced the move, saying that "This is being seen as the biggest betrayal by the Indian state in last 70 years. Article 370 has not been scrapped yet. The shops of the separatists will also shut down, and their mission of destabilising the internal peace and security will come to a halt. Several human rights activists and world leaders also commented on their social media accounts about the Kashmir situation. [147], Hundreds of people protested in New Delhi to protest against the Indian government decision and called it a "death of Indian democracy". [298], Many protest demonstrations have been reported in Bangladesh against the change of autonomous status of Jammu and Kashmir. He deemed it a "total betrayal of the trust that the people of Jammu and Kashmir had reposed in India when the state acceded to it in 1947". [65] Journalists were not issued curfew passes. "[111][112][113] Faesal was apparently detained by Indian security forces on 14 August 2019, leading to a statement by over 100 people associated with Harvard University (his alma mater) condemning the detention and calling for the release of Faesal and other Kashmiri leaders. [33] To circumvent the legal issue of the non-existent state constituent assembly, the President used the Clause (I) of Article 370, which conferred him with the power to modify the Indian Constitution on subjects related to Jammu and Kashmir. "[155] Similarly, Congress leader Deepender Singh Hooda contended that the abrogation of the provisions of Article 370 in Jammu and Kashmir "is in the interest of national integrity". Articles 370 and 35A were strictly a temporary arrangement related to issues of governance of the former State of Jammu Kashmir that granted the state its 'Special Status'. [297], On 25 August 2019, according to India Today, the Kashmiri Pandit community in the US held a rally supporting the decision, saying that Article 370 was "discriminatory" towards minorities in the Kashmir region. [7], The constitutional expert Subhash C. Kashyap, according to BBC News, states that the revocation was "constitutionally sound" and that "no legal and constitutional fault can be found in it". [19] This article, along with Article 35A, defined that the Jammu and Kashmir state's residents live under a separate set of laws, including those related to citizenship, ownership of property, and fundamental rights, as compared to residents of other Indian states.[20]. [152] Explaining her decision to support the revocation, Mayawati stated that Article 370 and 35A had caused social, economic and political injustice in Jammu and Kashmir, and the people including the Buddhists will now get the long-pending benefits that was denied to them. [133], The historian Ramachandra Guha said that the President of India had apparently acted in "haste" and the revocation is an "arbitrary misuse of state power". D. Raja, General Secretary of the Communist Party of India, called the Indian government move "an assault on Indian constitution". The map was adopted for official use throughout Pakistan. [294], A large number of protesters took to streets in Toronto, Canada on 11 August 2019 in support of the people of Jammu and Kashmir. Here are some of its important provisions it as derived from the Indian Constitution- [4] Several leading Kashmiri politicians were taken into custody, including the former chief minister. ", "A Year Without High-Speed Internet Has Been a Nightmare for J&K's Entrepreneurs", "One year after special status ended, Kashmiris have disappeared from government in J&K", "Kashmir a year after: A lot happened since August 5, 2019", "J&K's statehood restoration on August 15, 4G internet on August 5: Congress leader", "Restore Jammu and Kashmir's statehood on August 5: Apni Party chief to Centre", "A year when courts failed to hear petitions and left jailed Kashmiris at the mercy of the government", "Sharp decline in stone pelting incidents in Jammu and Kashmir since August 5, 2019: Officials", "Kashmir: Record 1.8L tourists visited Kashmir in March, first time in past 10 years", "Kashmir records 1.8 lakh tourists in March; highest in a decade", "Declaration Under Article 370(3) of the Constitution, "C.O. [116][117], The move to abrogate Article 370 and establish a union territory in Ladakh was welcomed by the Ladakh Buddhist Association[118] who then organised a thanksgiving celebration in Leh to on 8 August 2019, which was attended by political and religious leaders. Minister of Home Affairs Amit Shah, a close ally of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, told parliament on Monday that the president had signed a decree abolishing Article 370 of the constitution,. [137], Indian novelist Arundhati Roy criticized the Indian government in her opinion piece in The New York Times. [318] This included the Twitter account of Syed Ali Shah Geelani who is a Kashmiri separatist Hurriyat leader. [296], In the week after India announced the revocation, members of the Kashmiri Muslim community, according to the Pakistani newspaper Dawn, held a number of protest demonstrations in the United States in the cities of Washington, D.C., New York, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, San Francisco and Seattle against India's removal of autonomous status of Jammu and Kashmir. [71][72] This figure was about 500 by 9 August. These are the common lines on every Kashmiri's lips these days. Still only 2G Internet service was accessible. This article was added to the Constitution of India by Presidential Order in 1954 and got issued under Article 370 of the Constitution. [279] The people in Leh and Matho celebrated 15 August as a day of "independence from Kashmir" and welcomed their Union Territory status. [5] It has attracted not only the support of the Hindu nationalist parties such as the BJP, but many other Indian political parties that typically oppose the BJP. Kashmiri Pandit groups welcomed India's decision, but the Pakistani community in Australia expressed "deep concern" regarding the situation in Kashmir. On 3 September, another violent protest took place outside the Indian High Commission in London, when pro-Pakistan protesters pelted stones and eggs at the High Commission building, causing damage to the premises. Article 370 came into being in 1954 through a constitutional amendment and 35A was imposed by a presidential decree. [55] However, on 3 August, Omar Abdullah said that Governor Satya Pal Malik "assured him there was no initiative in progress to dilute Article 35A of the Constitution, start delimitation or trifurcate. I think the President acted in haste and unwisely". "[156] Congress politician Janardan Dwivedi welcomed the abrogation of the provisions of Article 370 in Jammu and Kashmir, saying even though it came late, a "historical mistake" had been corrected. On. [131][132] Similar celebrations were also noticed in Jammu among the Gujjar Bakarwals, Sikhs, Valmikis and West Pakistan refugees, who were all victims of Srinagar's discriminatory laws. [161][162], Calling it a dynamic place for tourism, the MEPs who visited Kashmir also said that all protests should be against terrorism in the valley, which is mostly from people of foreign countries. [33], After the 1954 order, forty-seven Presidential orders were issued between 11 February 1956 and 19 February 1994, making various other provisions of the Constitution of India applicable to Jammu and Kashmir. Human rights abuses taking place are unacceptable. [321], Impact of the Revocation of the special status of Jammu and Kashmir encompassed a year without high-speed Internet,[322] changes in the politics and bureaucracy of the region,[323] priority of counter-insurgency & counter-terrorism operations,[324] new domicile rules, talks of restoration of statehood,[325][326] judicial lethargy,[327] and decline in stone-pelting among other things. After consultation with the state's Constituent Assembly, the 1954 Presidential Order was issued, specifying the articles of the Indian constitution that applied to the state. [278] In Ladakh, the Buddhist organizations celebrated the removal of Article 370 provisions and making the Ladakh region a separate Union Territory. [31], On 5 August 2019, some political parties of Jammu and Kashmir met at the home of Farooq Abdullah and released a joint statement, called Gupkar Declaration, that pledged to defend and safeguard the identity, autonomy and special status of Jammu and Kashmir. Declaration under Article 370(3) of the Constitution (C.O. [59], Prior to the 5 August revocation announcement, Section 144 curfew was imposed in the Muslim-majority Kashmir Valley, the Hindu-majority Jammu region and the Muslim & Buddhist populated Ladakh region. [60][61][62] The current lockdown was far more intense in the Srinagar (Kashmir) region, where "people are used to curfews and living under a heavy security presence", according to The Guardian newspaper. My belief is that it will have immediate and long-term consequences. Those defined as permanent residents were entitled to property rights, employment, scholarships and other social benefits in the state. The delegation was a 12-member team composed of Rahul Gandhi, Ghulam Nabi Azad, K. C. Venugopal, Anand Sharma, D. Raja, Sitaram Yechury, Dinesh Trivedi, Tiruchi Siva, Manoj Jha, Sharad Yadav, Majeed Memon, and D. Kupendra Reddy. The protest was conducted after Eid al-Adha prayers in Bahrain illegally. [48], In an article for the Indian Law Review, Balu G. Nair noted the orders to be "constitutionally suspect". "[144] The Punjab chief minister also banned any form of celebrations or protests in his state in matters relating to Article 370, ordering increased security to some 8,000 Kashmiri students studying in Punjab. During their two-day-stay, the parliamentarians also interacted with the people in the valley, and pointed towards the integration of Kashmir with the beginning of their engagement with the civil society. The Jammu and Kashmir Reorganization Act [272], The Indian government called the Reuters report "completely fabricated and incorrect", but acknowledged that after the Friday mosque prayers, there were "a few stray protests in Srinagar/Baramulla and none involved a crowd of more than 20 people". Violating the UN Security Council's resolutions and Shimla Agreement, India has now annexed its occupied area of Jammu and Kashmir on 5th August 2019 by abrogating article 370 and 35A of the. [153] Bhupinder Singh Hooda, former Chief Minister of Haryana, supported the government's decision saying that the Congress party has "lost its way". The Ministry of Home Affairs in April 2021 said there had been 60 per cent fewer terror incidents post abrogation of Article 370. [14] On 6 August, the bill for the reorganisation was debated and passed by the Lok Sabha with 370 (86%) votes in its favour and 70 (14%) against it, and the resolution recommending the revocation was passed by 351 votes in favour and 72 against. [51] Gautam Bhatia found the entire episode to be fraught with legal and constitutional defects. [297] Protesters also gathered outside the White House on 10 August 2019 and urged Washington to help the people of Kashmir. A boy rides a bicycle near barbed wire laid out during the one-year anniversary of the abrogation of Article 370 in Srinagar. [160] The Odisha-based Biju Janata Dal and Tamil Nadu-based All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party also supported the revocation of Jammu and Kashmir special status. Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party, Constituent Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir, Instrument of Accession of Jammu and Kashmir, Prime Ministers (Dewans) of Jammu and Kashmir princely state (1947-1965), The Constitution of India (Application to Jammu and Kashmir) Second Amendment Order 1952 (C.O. The abrogation of Article 370 of the Indian constitution snatched the freedom, liberty . [277], According to India Today, in the Hindu majority Jammu region, people held widespread "massive celebratory" demonstrations over several days with the distribution of sweets, bursting of firecrackers and dancing. The abrogation of Article 370 will put an end to the rampant corruption going on in Kashmir. [4], The revocation of Article 370 was passed by an overwhelming majority of support in the Indian parliament. She stated, "the Buddhist followers of Ambedkar were feeling happy". [78], On 16 August, B. V. R. Subrahmanyam the chief secretary of Jammu and Kashmir, announced that the government will lift lockdown and remove some restrictions in a phased manner in the Kashmir Valley. [290] Therefore, the Indian Parliament now functions for the state legislative assembly. [136] He regarded the detention of Kashmiri political leaders as "a classical colonial excuse" to prevent backlash against the Indian government's decision and called for a democratic solution that would involve Kashmiri people. Article 370 and article 35A talks about special status given to residents of Jammu and Kashmir and who are permanent residents of that state and provide them exclusive rights which are no available to rest Indians. [12][13], The President of India issued an order under the power of Article 370, overriding the prevailing 1954 Presidential Order and nullifying all the provisions of autonomy granted to the state. [14] On 6 August, the Lok Sabha India's lower house of parliament debated and passed the reorganisation bill along with the resolution recommending the revocation. The order effectively abrogates the special status accorded to Jammu and Kashmir under the provision of Article 370 - whereby provisions of the Constitution which were applicable to other states were not applicable to Jammu and Kashmir (J&K). On 4 March 2020, Internet services were fully restored but restricted to 2G Internet speed. Under various Indian National Congress party-led central governments and locally elected state governments such as those of the National Conference between 1954 and 2011, India used the provisions of Article 370 to issue presidential orders to extend the Indian constitution to Jammu and Kashmir with the concurrence of the State Government, and reduce the state's autonomy. 370 can't be "abrogated". [296] The demonstrators said that 800,000 military personnel were deployed in Kashmir and the Internet and communications were blacked out and they did not know what was happening to their families. [175][176][177] He accused that India was attempting to change the demography of the Muslim majority Kashmir through ethnic cleansing. [314] The Nation, in its editorial said, "The lack of coverage in Kashmir has increased the likelihood of misinformation and panic being spread, all of which puts the lives of Kashmiris in danger and uncertainty. [275] On 11 August, the Jammu and Kashmir director general of police, Dilbag Singh told Reuters, "between 1,000 and 1,500 people were returning from praying at mosques on Friday when 'some miscreants' started pelting stones at security officials", and in a reaction to the stone-pelting, rounds of pump-action gun was fired that caused injuries to a few people. "[291][238] The Metropolitan Police made two arrests for causing criminal damage at the Indian High Commission following the incident. India used Article 370 at least 45 times to extend the provision of the Constitution of India to Jammu and Kashmir. On 6 August 2019, the Government of India revoked the special status, or autonomy, granted under Article 370 of the Indian Constitution to Jammu and Kashmira region administered by India as a state which consists of the larger part of Kashmir which has been the subject of dispute among India, Pakistan, and China since 1947. [94][95][96][97], As of 26 February 2020, broadband Internet services remain banned to the general public. Abrogation of Article 370 and Article 35A On August 5, 2019, Rajya Sabha had passed a Statutory Resolution recommending abrogation of article 370 pursuant to article 370 (3). [29][30] Following the resolutions passed in both houses of the parliament, the President of India issued a further order on 6 August declaring all the clauses of Article 370 except clause 1 to be inoperative. [43][44] Since the state legislative assembly has been suspended, the order says that any reference to the legislative assembly will be construed as a reference to the Governor of Jammu and Kashmir. The petitioners wanted the court to issue an injunction against reorganisation of the state into two union territories but the court declined to issue any injunction. This in effect meant that the separate Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir stood abrogated, and a single constitution now applied to all the Indian states. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews 7(3): . [142] Other leaders of Rajasthan Congress and Gehlot's cabinet welcomed the revocation. 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Bank, Govt Sites on List, Social Media Still Off Radar", "J&K: Calls, SMS restored on prepaid mobiles; 153 websites can now be accessed on 2G in 12 districts", "Government Order No: Home - 05 (TSTS) of 2020", "2G mobile internet services restored in Kashmir from midnight", "Data Services on Low Speed 2G Restored Across J&K, Some News Sites Now 'Whitelisted', "Govt to restore 2G internet services in Jammu and Kashmir after 5 months", "Government Order No: Home -17(TSTS) of 2020", "Social Media Ban Removed In Kashmir, Broadband Services To Be Restored", "India eases rules for security forces to acquire land in Kashmir", "India restores 4G internet services in parts of Kashmir", "SC: review 'forthwith' orders curbing basic rights, free movement in J&K", "UN General Assembly 2019: All the latest updates", "US congresswoman calls for 'immediate restoration of communication' in occupied Kashmir", "US congresswoman condemns India's 'unacceptable actions' in occupied Kashmir", "Communications blockade in occupied Kashmir must end: US lawmaker Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez", "Centre scraps Article 370, bifurcates J&K into two Union Territories", "India's decision to split Kashmir met with protests", "Kashmir experiencing unprecedented lockdown, 8 million people 'incarcerated': Shah Faesal", "PM Modi is 'murdering the constitution,' says Shah Faesal", "Kashmir: Imran Khan says Pakistan will 'teach India a lesson', "Harvard University Students, Faculty Urge Indian Govt to Release Shah Faesal", "With Article 370 gone, future of Ladakh now is very bright", "2 families still think Kashmir is their father's property, says BJP MP from Ladakh Tsering Namgyal", "Ladakh MP Jamyang Tsering Namgyal makes his mark with LS speech on J&K bifurcation, wins appreciation of party's top brass", "Ladakh Buddhist Association expresses happiness over UT status to Ladakh", "LBA celebrates grant of UT status to Ladakh with 'thanksgiving' ceremony", https://news.statetimes.in/panun-kashmir-condemns-demand-to-restore-articles-370-35a/, "Removal of Article 370 gave hope: J&K youth activists", "Kashmir Article 370: Celebrations break out in Jammu", "Celebrations in Jammu continue over revocation of Article 370", "Abolition of Art 370: Jammu in upbeat mood, celebrations amid restrictions", "Article 370: The Indians celebrating Kashmir's new status", "Kashmir Massacre May Signal the Coming of Widespread Violence", "24 Hindus Are Shot Dead in Kashmiri Village", "Displaced Hindus from Kashmir eye return after India's scrapping of special status", "Cautious optimism: Kashmiri Pandits happy over govt decision on Article 370, but have concerns", "With selfies and songs, Ladakh marks 'first Independence Day', "Ladakh celebrates '1st Independence Day' after being declared UT", "My J&K Diary: What I heard when I listened to voices getting drowned in the liberals' clamour", "What Happened In Kashmir Can Happen In Your State Too: Ramachandra Guha", "Kashmir: Scrapping Article 370 "Unconstitutional", "Deceitful" Says Legal Expert A.G. 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Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh claimed, India retorts", "In landmark move, PM Imran unveils 'new political map' of Pakistan", "Kashmir Highway symbolically renamed to Srinagar Highway", "Kashmir Highway renamed as 'Srinagar Highway', "Pakistan observes Kashmir 'exploitation day', "China says India move on Kashmir violates its territorial sovereignty", "Aden clashes continue, risk making Yemen war 'even more complex', "Chinese think-tank has linked the current tensions along the Line of Actual Control (LAC)", "Hope Indian government's steps lead to betterment of Jammu and Kashmir people: Hamid Karzai", "of India will lead to the betterment and prosperity of people in Jammu and Kashmir as the citizens of India", "Pakistan's Envoy Suggests Kashmir Crisis Could Affect Afghan Peace Talks", "Afghanistan flays Pakistan, says linking Kashmir issue with peace talk is reckless", "Pakistan's efforts to link Kashmir with Afghan peace process is 'reckless and irresponsible': Afghanistan", "Article 370 abrogation: Kashmir issue should be resolved bilaterally, says Australian envoy", "Bangladesh, Maldives back India's decision on Article 370", "Dhaka: Jammu and Kashmir issues are India's internal matter", "Abrogation of Article 370 India's internal matter: Bangladesh", "Bhutan Becomes Fourth SAARC Nation To Support India Over Kashmir", "Bhutan lauds India's 'bold and courageous' decision on Kashmir", "Canada continues to closely follow developments in Jammu and Kashmir", "No need for third party mediation in Kashmir: Emmanuel Macron", "Macron calls on India's Modi to settle Kashmir 'in a bilateral framework', "Germany urges India to hold talks with Kashmiris", "Imran Khan discusses Kashmir issue with Angela Merkel", "We back india on CAA, NRC and Kashmir: Hungarian foreign minister", "Kuwaiti MPs express 'deep concern' over situation of Muslims in India, China", "Iran urges India-Pakistan dialogue over Kashmir", "Large number of Iranians held forceful demonstrations outside the Indian Embassy in Tehran", "Iran thwarts Pakistan's 'undiplomatic tactics', removes anti-India posters from consulate in Mashhad", "Exclusive: Iran removes anti-India banners from Pak consulate in dead of night", "Kashmir is India's internal matter, hope Modi govt settles it peacefully: Israeli envoy", "Article 370: The matter is internal to India, says the Israeli envoy", "Malaysia PM Mahathir expresses concern over occupied Kashmir's situation", "Kashmir tensions: Malaysia asks India, Pakistan to talk", "No apologies, keeping quiet not an option': Ex-Malaysia PM Mahathir on Kashmir remarks", "No apologies over Kashmir conflict comments: Dr M", "The Foreign Minister Receives Telephone Call from his Pakistani Counterpart", "Kashmir is India's internal matter: Maldives tells Pakistan", "Pakistan goes to UNSC, its chief Poland puts it bluntly: Find bilateral solution to J-K", "Russia on Kashmir: Russia backs India, says J&K move 'carried out within framework of Constitution', "Kashmir: Moscow for resolving issue in accordance with Shimla, Lahore pacts", "Our views exactly the same: Russia backs India's Kashmir stand", "Russia throws its weight behind India on Kashmir issue", "Saudi Arabia calls for maintaining peace and stability in Jammu and Kashmir", "Saudi Arabia endorses India's actions in Kashmir", "NSA Ajit Doval meets Saudi Crown Prince Mohammad Bin Salman, discusses Kashmir", "We don't interfere in 'internal affairs' of our friendly countries: Thai Ambassador on modification of Article 370", "Turkey seeks to reduce tension in disputed Kashmir", "Turkish, Pakistani leaders discuss India's Kashmir move", "UAE gives its backing to India over Kashmir treaty revocation", "UAE Ambassador to India reacts to Kashmir decision", "Art 370: 'UK following developments in J&K', "45 UK MPs urge UN to take India's Kashmir move to Security Council", "The situation in Kashmir is deeply disturbing. [138], Wajahat Habibullah said the government's decision was a "regressive and unwise" step. [54] The government lifted Section 144 curfew and reopened schools in some Jammu region districts effective 10 August 2019. 4. The Indian Government justified its action by saying that this will help end violence and militancy in the state and enable people to access government schemes such as reservation, right to education and right to information among other schemes. [274], According to the BBC, it witnessed the police opening gunfire and using tear gas to disperse a crowd in Srinagar after Friday prayers on 9 August 2019. [155] Congress Rajya Sabha chief whip, Bhubaneswar Kalita resigned over Congress's stand on revoking special status of Jammu and Kashmir and stated that, "The ideology of Congress today looks like it is committing suicide and I do not want to be a part of it. [3] Thousands of additional security forces were deployed to curb any uprising. It also amends Clause 3 of Article 370 which allows the President to revoke Article 370 in consultation with the "constituent assembly of the state" to substitute the expression . [166][167] A meeting of the National Security Committee decided to downgrade Pakistan's diplomatic relations with India. [304][305], Protests were held in Paris, France on 9 August 2019 to denounce Indian step of abrogation of autonomous status of Jammu and Kashmir. What was Article 370 and 35A. [280][281][282], A number of demonstrations and rallies were organised in London, England after India scrapped autonomous status of Jammu and Kashmir. However, the team was sent back upon reaching Srinagar. [293], There were protest demonstrations outside the Indian consulate in Birmingham on 9 August to denounce the Indian revocation of autonomous status of Jammu and Kashmir. 273", Full text of document on govt.s rationale behind removal of special status to J&K, Jammu & Kashmir After Article 370 is Revoked, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Revocation_of_the_special_status_of_Jammu_and_Kashmir&oldid=1154203410, All articles with bare URLs for citations, Articles with bare URLs for citations from March 2022, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from May 2022, Wikipedia articles with style issues from August 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, The Constitution (Application to Jammu and Kashmir) Order, 1950, 47 Presidential orders were issued between 11 February 1956 and 19 February 1994, The Constitution (Application to J&K) Order, 2019 (C.O. To be precise, Article 370 of the Constitution of India [1], provided special status to Jammu & Kashmir. [80] Landline phone services, indicated Subrahmanyam, would be restored in most of Srinagar by 18 August 2019. Article 370 and 35A after Abrogation: The Indian Parliament made an incredible move on 5 th August, 2019 while passing The J ammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019 with an overwhelming majority . She felt that the Indian Parliament snatched away everything from the people of Jammu and Kashmir. The common refrain is that everything has finished. [114], The member of the Lok Sabha for Ladakh constituency, Jamyang Tsering Namgyal, praised the abrogation of Article 370 and the proposed formation of a separate Ladakh union territory, hoping the move will encourage jobs and development. [184], Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Hua Chunying opposed the integration of the Ladakh Union Territory into India's administrative jurisdiction, saying "it undermined China's territorial sovereignty" she went on to say: "India's action is unacceptable and would not have any legal effect," regarding disputed territory on the ChinaIndia border. [33] Subsequently, the statutory resolution seeking the revocation of the special status under Article 370 and the bill for the state's reorganisation was debated and passed by the Rajya Sabha on 5 August 2019 with 125 (67%) votes in its favour and 61 (33%) against it. He added "Under Kashmir, our development, our political aspiration, our identity, our language, if all of this got lost, it is because of Article 370and the Congress party is responsible for that". [102], The most recent Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir, Mehbooba Mufti called it the "blackest day of Indian democracy". It was opposed by the Indian National Congress, Jammu & Kashmir National Conference, Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party, Communist Party of India (Marxist), Communist Party of India, Trinamool Congress and the DMK. Two years of abrogation of Article 370: Tracing decay of controversial law that sealed terms of J&K's accession We look into the history of the now-defunct Article 370 and 35 A and what lead to its inception in the first place to shed light on modern faultlines. . [175][176][177] Pakistan's foreign minister Shah Mehmood Qureshi issued a statement on Tuesday 13 August 2019 that he had written a letter to the president of the United Nations Security Council with a request to convene an emergency meeting of the council to discuss India's "illegal actions that violate UN resolutions on Kashmir". The rights of the Kashmiri people must be respected and UN resolutions implemented", "UK PM Johnson talks to Modi, regrets vandalism at Indian High Commission", "PM call with Prime Minister Modi: 20 August 2019", "UK Oppn leader condemns vandalism of Indian High Commission", "US says no change in its policy on occupied Kashmir", "No policy change on Kashmir, urge India-Pakistan to maintain calm: US", "Donald Trump offers to mediate Kashmir conflict", "Trump Urges Restraint by India and Pakistan in Kashmir Conflict", "The Latest: Trump speaks with leader of Pakistan", "After call with Modi, Trump dials Imran Khan, asks to 'moderate rhetoric', "Kashmir situation 'a lot to do with religion', will do my best to mediate, says Donald Trump", "Indian-Americans urge Trump to 'fully support' India on Kashmir", "Zambia becomes first African country to react on India-Pak tensions, calls Kashmir bilateral issue", "EU urges India, Pakistan to avoid tension over Kashmir", "Govt signals shift in stand, allows MEPs to visit Srinagar", "On Day 1 of Kashmir trip, EU MPs briefed by Army, mystery woman", "India revokes Kashmir's special status: All the latest updates", "UN concern over Kashmir lockdown as hundreds reported arrested", "Guterres appeals for 'maximum restraint' over Jammu and Kashmir, as tensions rise", "UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres calls for restraint over J&K issue", "UN concerned over India's move to revoke special status of Kashmir", "Kashmir: India's 'draconian' blackout sets worrying precedent, warns UN", "India: Revoking special status of Jammu and Kashmir likely to inflame tensions", "India: Supreme Court refuses to lift restrictions on Jammu and Kashmir", "India: Basic Freedoms at Risk in Kashmir", "India: Ensure Rights Protections in Kashmir", "Indian-administered Kashmir cut off from the world", "Media pluralism collateral victim of the crisis in Indian-held Kashmir", "Pakistan Runs Out of Options as India Tightens Grip on Kashmir", "Kashmir is not Afghanistan: Taliban rebukes Pakistan, calls for peace in region", "Some signs of normality return to Kashmir, but India's clampdown still strict", "Inside Kashmir's lockdown: 'Even I will pick up a gun', "Forces did not fire, miscreants pelted stones to cause widespread unrest in Kashmir: MHA", "Kashmir: Civilians severely wounded in pellet gun attacks', "Completely fabricated, incorrect: MHA refutes Reuters report on protests in Kashmir", "Kashmir: Protests in Srinagar on Friday, MHA Claims Reports 'Fabricated', "Article 370: Gunfire at Kashmir rally India denies happened", "Kashmir Live Updates: On Eid, curfew, restrictions continue in parts of Kashmir; relaxations in Jammu", "Hundreds chant anti-India slogans in seething Kashmir on eve of Eid", "Ladakh rejoices over Union Territory status, no legislature a concern", "Protest in Kargil over govt's move to make Ladakh union territory", "Ladakh in lockdown as protests flare up against J&K bifurcation", "Hartal in Kargil Against Centre's Decision to Read Down 370, Make Ladakh a UT", "Angry Kashmir protest held outside indian embassy in London", "Kashmir rally in London as Pakistan warns against nationalism", "Big demo outside British Parliament, protests Indian brutalities in IOK", "Protesters attack Indians celebrating Independence Day in London", "Thousands protest in Britain for Kashmir outside Indian High Commission", "London: Khalistani members and pro-Modi demonstrators clash outside Indian embassy", "British PM Boris Johnson regrets violence outside Indian Embassy in London", "Kashmir protests get ugly again in London, Indian High Commission targeted", "Two arrested for violent pro-Pakistan protests outside Indian High Commission in London", "Violence against any community is deplorable: Foreign Secy condemns protests outside Indian Embassy", "Kashmir lockdown: Protest outside Indian Consulate in Birmingham", "Protesters storm Toronto's Yonge-Dundas Square in support of Kashmir", "Local Kashmir community protests India's removal of region's statehood, constitutional status", "Protesters urge US to do more on Kashmir", "Kashmiri Pandit community holds rally in US to support revocation of Article 370", "Protest in Bangladesh Over India's Kashmir Stance", "Kashmiri students at DU: Stop oppression in Kashmir", "Protest demonstration in Dhaka on Kashmir issue", "Bangladesh: March in solidarity with Kashmir", "Bahrain takes legal action against Pakistanis who held anti-India rally after Eid prayers", "Bahrain takes action against Pakistanis who held rally for Kashmir after Eid prayers", "Pakistanis, Bangladeshis face legal action for rallying against India over Kashmir issue", "Hundreds rally in Paris to denounce India's Kashmir move", "Kashmir crisis: India's latest steps expose deep fault lines in Australia's Indian and Pakistani communities", "Pak supporters confronted by Shazia Ilmi, others in Seoul for raising anti-India, anti-Modi slogans", "Fact Check: Old Video Of Dawoodi Bohra Community Procession Is Going Viral With Wrong Claim", "Fact Check: Old, unrelated images shared as 'plight' of Kashmir after Article 370 revoked", "Old video of lathi charge in Bihar shared as policemen beating up Kashmiris", "Fact Check: No, Indian Army didn't burn down houses in Kashmir", "FACT CHECK: Has government taken over mosques in Kashmir? 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